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VITILIGO

Vitiligo (Leukoderma): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options | Dr. Zabih Abed

Vitiligo (Leukoderma): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options with Dr. Zabih Abed's Recommendations

Understanding and Managing Vitiligo with Specialized Care and Healthy Nutrition

Causes of Vitiligo

  • Autoimmune Disorder: The immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys melanocytes; may be associated with thyroiditis or type 1 diabetes.
  • Genetic Factors: Family history increases the risk of developing it; specific genes make individuals susceptible.
  • Environmental Factors and Triggers: Stress, severe sunburn, skin trauma, and exposure to chemicals.
  • Nutrient Deficiencies: Deficiency of Vitamin D or other nutrients may play a role.

Symptoms of Vitiligo

  • Smooth white patches on the hands, feet, face, neck, or around the eyes and mouth.
  • Premature whitening of hair, eyebrows, or eyelashes.
  • Loss of color in the mucous membranes inside the mouth or nose.
  • Sensitivity of the patches to the sun and occasional itching or inflammation at the edges.

Vitiligo is divided into two types: Generalized (symmetrical) and Segmental (one side of the body, more common in children).

Vitiligo Treatment Options

Medical Treatments

  • Topical corticosteroids for small patches
  • Calcineurin inhibitors for sensitive areas
  • Vitamin D analogs to reduce inflammation
  • Psoralen and UVA (PUVA) to stimulate melanocytes

Light Therapy

  • Narrowband UVB 2-3 times a week
  • Excimer laser for small, targeted patches

Surgical Treatments

  • Skin grafting or blister grafting for stable patches
  • Depigmentation with monobenzone cream in extensive cases

Complementary and Home Care

  • Chemical or physical sunscreen to protect the patches
  • Healthy nutrition including carrots, tomatoes, berries, walnuts, and flax seeds; cucumber and watermelon are beneficial for hydration
  • Stress management with yoga, meditation, and adequate sleep (7-9 hours)

Modern Treatments

  • JAK inhibitors to stimulate pigmentation
  • bFGF serums for melanocyte regeneration

Special Tips for the Elderly

  • Protect skin with sunscreen and protective clothing
  • Hydrate with creams containing hyaluronic acid or ceramides
  • Psychological support and counseling with a psychologist or support groups
  • Consultation with Dr. Zabih Abed for appropriate treatment based on age and health condition

Summary

Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease with white patches resulting from the destruction of melanocytes. Genetic factors, stress, and skin injuries can trigger it. Light therapy, topical medications, and complementary care can improve the skin's appearance. Using sunscreen, healthy nutrition including carrots, tomatoes, walnuts, cucumber, and watermelon, and stress management help manage vitiligo, especially in the elderly. For specialized consultation, contact Dr. Zabih Abed.

© 2025 Dr. Zabih Abed's Clinic — This content is for educational purposes and does not replace an in-person examination by a doctor.

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